Wie Extended-Reality-Anwendungen die Psychotherapie verändern

BACKGROUND: Extended reality (XR) encompasses various immersive technologies that enhance perception with virtual elements. Previous research has focused in particular on virtual reality-assisted exposure therapy but there are currently dynamic developments in terms of both content and structure of XR research for psychotherapy. METHODS: This narrative review describes content-related, technical and structural developments in the research of XR applications for psychotherapy, as identified by members of the Extended Reality for Psychotherapy network. RESULTS: The use of mixed reality technologies and artificial intelligence was mentioned as well as the development and testing of creative therapeutic concepts beyond the classical exposure paradigm. In addition, structural developments, such as the establishment of standardized processes, the professionalization of development, barriers to implementation in healthcare practice and regulatory aspects are outlined. DISCUSSION: The experts point to technical advances and emerging innovative concepts that would not be feasible in the current psychotherapy. Given the complex technology, which must simultaneously meet multiple regulatory requirements, broad-based interdisciplinary research is needed.