Mind, body, health: qualitative insights into a holistic health concept for preschoolers

Introduction The German holistic health Kneipp concept (KC) consists of five elements: water applications, physical activity, healthy nutrition, herbs, and mind–body practices. Well-known in German-speaking countries, the program’s effects in early childhood education are little known. This analysis examined the qualitative portion of the larger mixed-method Kita Kneipp Study exploring the potential and challenges of implementing Kneipp in kindergartens to promote salutogenesis and prevent illness in children through teachers’ and children’s experiences. Methods Semi-structured Expert interviews with teachers and field notes from focused ethnographies of Kneipp activities in kindergartens were used to triangulate data. Data were then thematically analyzed. Results Teachers observed improved resilience to cold and calming effects of the interventions. Children learned to support their own and others’ wellbeing by engaging in activities. Developing bodily awareness, Kneipp helped with self-regulation, promoted curiosity, self-confidence, and the ability to set boundaries. Acceptance by teachers, children, and parents indicated potential for long-term use. Reported challenges included initial skepticism among teachers and children. Structural issues like staff shortages, limited equipment, and low initial teachers’ involvement were also mentioned. Parental misunderstandings, especially in low socio-economic areas, highlighted the importance of proactive communication and family involvement. Discussion The KC can be integrated into kindergartens, supporting physical and mental health while fostering mindfulness, social competence, and resilience. The study shows high acceptance and meaningful developmental benefits, with potential for sustainable implementation in early educational settings. These aspects may positively influence health promotion from an early age.