Integrating Generative AI in Primary English Material Design: Insights from Indonesian Teachers’ Perceptions

This study explored primary school teachers’ perceptions of Generative AI (GenAI) in English material design. Data from 20 certified Indonesian teachers were collected through interviews and document analysis. Findings indicate GenAI is valued for enhancing efficiency and personalization, especially in creating worksheets, reading texts, grammar tasks, and vocabulary lists. However, concerns emerged regarding pedagogical integration, ethical use, and lack of training. Teachers’ perceptions were shaped by their professional development experiences. The study underscores the urgent need for continuous, practice-based teacher training to develop AI literacy and ensure that GenAI supports, rather than replaces, instructional decision-making.