Artificial intelligence-based Parkinson’s disease risk assessment and prognosis

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the most common neurodegenerative movement disorder, with a multifactorial aetiology, heterogeneous manifestation of motor and non-motor symptoms, and no cure. PD is often missed or misdiagnosed, as early symptoms are subtle and common with other diseases, allowing for considerable damage to occur before treatment. Moreover, selecting the optimal medication regimen is usually a lengthy, “trial and error” process, leading to critical, costly non-adherence. Following a trustworthy and inclusive approach to AI development and based on multidisciplinary expertise and broad stakeholder engagement, AI-PROGNOSIS aims to advance PD diagnosis and care by: 1) developing novel, predictive AI models for personalised PD risk assessment and prognosis (in terms of time to higher disability transition and response to medication) based on multi-source patient records and databases, including in-depth health, phenotypic and genetic data, 2) implementing a system of biomarkers informing the AI models by tracking key risk/progression markers in daily living, and ultimately 3) translating the models and digital biomarkers into a validated, privacy-aware AI-driven toolkit, supporting healthcare professionals (HCPs) in disease screening, monitoring and treatment optimization via quantitative, explainable evidence, and empowering individuals with/without PD with tailored insights for informed health management.